Home > India at a Glance > North India > Uttar Pradesh > Kushinagar
 

State Uttar Pradesh
District(s) Kushinagar District
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Kushinagar is a Buddhist pilgrimage site located next to Kasia, a rural town in Kushinagar District of the state of Uttar Pradesh in northern India 52 km from Gorakhpur.

kushinagar
History  

In ancient times, it was known as Kushavati (Jatakas). Kushinagar was a celebrated center of the Malla kingdom of ancient India. Later, it would be known as Kushinara, one of four holy sites for Buddhists. At this location, near the Hiranyavati River, Gautama Buddha attained Parinirvana , and was cremated.

Many of the ruined stupas and viharas here date back to 3rd century BCE - 5th century CE when prosperity was at its peak. The Mauryan emperor Ashoka is known to have contributed to significant construction at this site.

Prior to its rediscovery in the 19th century, there was a silence of more than half a millennium at Kasia. Due possibily to violent invasions, Kushinagar lost its vitality and eventually was neglected. The notable Buddha Temple, when rediscovered, was covered in a 40 foot high mound of bricks surrounded by a dense thorny forest. After E. Buchanan, an officer of the East India Company, arrived in Kasia in the course of his survey-work, H. H. Wilson, in 1854, made the suggestion that ancient Kushinagar and Kasia were the same. Work resumed around 1861-1862 when General Alexander Cunningham, an archaeological surveyor, would prove the site to be that of Gautama Buddha's passing. A British officer named Mr. A.C.L. Carlleyle followed suit. Excavations began in the late 1800s and many important remnants of the main site such as the Matha Kuar and Ramabhar stupa were unveiled.



 

kushinagar

 

 

 

Geography  

Kushinagar, situated at 53 kms east from Gorakhpur on the National Highway -28, lies between lattitude 26° 45´ N and 83° 24´ E. The district head-quarters is Padrauna, 71 Kms from Gorakhpur and 336 Kms from Lucknow. It is a terai area covering the geographical area of 2873.5 Sq. km. It is bounded by districts - Mahrajganj in the west, Gorakhpur in the southern- west , Deoria in the south and Bihar state in the east.

 
Tourism  

This temple stands on the same plinth as the main Nirvana Stupa behind it. The reclining Nirvana statue of Lord Buddha inside the temple is 6.10 metres long and is made of monolith red - sand stone. It represents the "Dieing - Buddha" reclining on his right side with his face towards the west. It is placed on a large brick-pedestal with stone-posts at the corners. There is an inscription datable to the 5th Century A.D. recording that the statue was "the appropriate religious gift of the Mahavihara Swami Haribala".

Nirvana Chaitya is located just behind the Main Parinirvana Temple. It was excavated by Carlleyle in the year 1876. During excavations, a copper-plate was found, which contained the text of the "Nidana-Sutra" which concluded the statement that plate had been deposited in the "Nirvana-Chaitya" by one Haribala, who also installed the great Nirvana Statue of Buddha in the temple front. A copper vessel was also recovered which contained silver coins of Kumar Gupta, an emperor of Gupta Dynasty, 5th Century A.D.

Ramabhar Stupa, also called a Mukutbandhan-Chaitya,is the cremation -place of Buddha. This Site is 1.5 km east of the main Nirvana Temple on the Kushinagar- Deoria road. this Stupa has a huge circular drum with a diameter of 34.14 meters on the top consisting of the two or more terraces and is 47.24 meters in diameter at the base.

A Colossal statue of Lord Buddha is installed, which is carved out of one block which represents Buddha seated under the "Bodhi Tree" in a pose known as " Bhumi Sparsh Mudra " (Earth touching attitude). The inscription at the base of statue is datable to the 10th or 11th Century A.D.

Recently developed near the main Nirvana Temple, this park has artificial water bodies with raised lush-green platforms for meditation surrounded by Sal-trees and other afforestations, representing a complete Buddhist-ambience.

Indo-Japan-Srilanka temple is a marvel of Buddhist architectural grandeur of modern times.

It is a huge complex built in a typical Thai-Buddhist architectural fashion.

Built by State Government in Buddhist-architectural ambience. Ancient archeological discoveries and antiquities are displayed there. Visiting hours are 10:00 am to 17:00 PM (except Mondays).

These are located around the main Nirvana Temple and Main Stupa. These are the remains of various monasteries of different sizes constructed from time to time in the ancient period.

There are several other nearby temples to be worth seen like Linh Son Chinese Temple, Myan Mar (Burmese) Temple, Birla Hindu Buddha temple, Japanese Stupa, Korean Temple, Shiva temple, Ram Janaki Temple et.


mahaparinirvana temple

 

nirvana chaitya (main stupa)

 

ramabhar stupa

 

 

 

 

 


meditation park

 

 

wat thai temple

 

Excursions  

It is a 'Nirvana' place of Lord Mahavir, 22 kms east of Kushinagar on the National Highway-28. Followers of Jain sect organise a festival here on the next day of Deepawali every year, when Lord
Mahavir has attained Salvation.
It is also believed that Lord Buddha, while going to Kushinagar from Vaishali, stopped here to accept meals from one of his disciples 'Chund'. Here he ate 'Sukar-Maddav' (Mushrooms) and developed dusentry which caused his death at Kushinagar.

Situated 17 km east of Kushinagar on Kasia - Tamkuhi Road. There are huge and artistic statues of Sun god, made of black stone.They were recovered during excavations one of which is belonged to 4th - 5th Century A.D. and another 8th - 9th Century A.D.

Others  

On Padrauna - Turkpatti route, this place has Shiv Temple, establishedby Kuber as per the saying. Lakhs of Shiv devotees offer JAl on Shivling on the 'Shivratri'.

Wat Thai Temple

3 kms from Padrauna cantonment, there is a huge ancient mount having three statues of Tirthankar MAhavir, tirthankar Neminath and Vishnu, one of the Trimurti of Hindu Gods. It is believed there stood a large Buddha Stupa also.

It is meditation centre of 'Aadi Shakti' Kurukulla Devi, setup by Nagarjun. It is situated on the river bank in dense forest 8 kms from Kasia - Tamkuhi road.

Situated 4 kms from Padrauna - Tamkuhi road, it is famous 'Siddhi', place of gods.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

kushinagar

Reaching Kushinagar  

Air strip of U.P. Civil Aviation is available in Kasia, 5 km. from Kushinagar. Also, Air Force Station Aerodrome is 46 Km. from Kushinagar where landing and taking off facilities are allowed with due permission of the Air Force.

Padrauna, district head-quarter, is linked with metre-gauge railway line from Gorakhpur. Nearest railway stations for reaching Kushinagar are Gorakhpur Railway Station (51 km) and Deoria (35 Km). Gorakhpur is well connected with all major cities of India and it has computer- reservation facility.

Kushinagar is well connected with motorable roads and have regular bus -service . Frequent road-transport is available from Gorakhpur ( 51 Km) as well as from Deoria (35 Km).

 
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